For a good linux tutorial, you can see the Software Carpentry Course [here] (https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/).
Here is a cheat sheet of unix/linux commands that are good to know:
File Navigation and Management
ls — list items in current directory.
ls -ltr — list items in current directory and show in long format to see permissions, size, and modification date.
ls dir — list all items in directory dir.
cd dir — change directory to dir.
cd .. — go up one directory.
cd / — go to the root directory.
cd ~ — go to to your home directory.
cd - — go to the last directory you were just in.
pwd — show present working directory.
mkdir dir — make new directory called dir.
rm file — remove file.
rm -r dir — remove directory dir recursively.
cp file1 file2 — copy file1 to file2.
cp -r dir1 dir2 — copy directory dir1 to dir2 recursively.
scp file1 location - secure copy one file to the cluster.
mv file1 file2 — move (rename) file1 to file2.
mv file1 ~/file1 — move file1 from the current directory to user’s home directory.
cat file — output the contents of file.
less file — view file with page navigation.
head file — output the first 10 lines of file.
tail file — output the last 10 lines of file.
tail -f file — output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines.
nano file — edit file using nano text editor.
System
ssh - secure shell, allows you to communicate with another machine.
shutdown — shut down machine.
reboot — restart machine.
exit — exit terminal session.
date — show the current date and time.
whoami — who you are logged in as.
man command — show the manual for command.
df — show disk usage.
du — show directory space usage.
free — show memory and swap usage.
whereis app — show possible locations of app.
which app — show which app will be run by default.